Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. heritage B. suggestion C. recommend D. appreciate
Question 2: A. social B. local C. folk D. restore
Question 3: A. temple B. restore C. festival D. trending
Question 4: A. complex B. local C. central D. culture
Question 5: A. ancient B. local C. create D. landscape
Question 6. A. mechanic B. school C. chemistry D. brochure
Question 7: A. management B. motivate C. bachelor D. graduate
Question 8: A. brochure B. doctor C. college D. option
Question 9: A. entrance B. degree C. mechanic D. preserve
Question 10. A. option B. graduation C. question D. qualification
Question 11: A. manage B. apprentice C. academic D. professional
Question 12: A. promote B. confidence C. propose D. focus
Question 13. A. restore B. preserve C. historic D. landscape
Question 14: A. technical B. architect C. mechanic D. bachelor
Question 15. A. monument B. motivate C. historic D. confidence
Exercise 2. Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others.
Question 1: A. landscape B. option C. explore D. value
Question 2: A. heritage B. monument C. confidence D. mechanic
Question 3: A. cultural B. festival C. motivate D. historic
Question 4: A. restore B. manage C. limestone D. formal
Question 5: A. ancient B. college C. preserve D. temple
Question 6: A. prepare B. degree C. follow D. repair
Question 7: A. brochure B. formal C. manage D. become
Question 8: A. develop B. educate C. sensible D. technical
Question 9. A. decision B. national C. historic D. dependent
Question 10. A. appointment B. motivate C. tradition D. advantage
II. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
Question 1: Binh is heading to Ninh Kieu Quay but he is lost:
Binh: “Excuse me, can you show me the way to Ninh Kieu Quay?”
The local: “You are near there; you just need to ____________ Ngo Quyen street.”
A. go straight on B. on your right C. go right and left D. go around Question 2: Thomas gets lost on his way to Cai Rang floating market:
Thomas: “________________________.”
The Vietnamese: “Go straight ahead until you reach Cai Son bridge!”
A. Can you book me a Grab car? B. How can I have Cai Rang floating market?
C. Can you show me the way to this place? D. What is the best price for the floating market?
Question 3: ______ teenagers to study local heritages, Can Tho university hosted several trips to other provinces.
A. To encourage B. Encouraging C. To encouraging D. Encouraged
Question 4: For newcomers, the first place _______ in Cần Thơ is the bustling Cái Răng Floating Market.
A. visiting B. to visiting C. to visit D. is visited
Question 5: ___________ helps protect and restore heritage by raising money for cultural projects.
A. Limestone B. Crowdfunding C. Valley D. State
Question 6: Marleen is the only girl ________ her opinion about going to historical sites.
A. to raise B. raising C. raised D. raises
Question 7: ___________ a perfect trip to famous heritages, they visited many tourism websites.
A. Planning B. To plan C. To planning D. Planned
Question 8: Exploring ancient temples and pagodas has become a ________ activity for tourists who visit the Mekong Delta.
A. trending B. festive C. folk D. ancient
Question 9: Quin always concerned about the group project, but he never gave voice _____ it.
A. for B. at C. in D. to
Question 10: In an effort to __________ cultural diversity, the festival featured performances of folk singing from mixed heritage communities.
A. recommend B. punish C. preserve D. reduce
Question 11: Son Doong Cave is the largest cave __________ in Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park.
A. discover B. discovering C. to discover Question 12: Binh and Minh is planning their meeting: Bình: “What time can we meet tomorrow?” The local: “Would 11a.m ___________?.” D. to be discovered
A. fit you B. match you C. hit you D. suit you
Question 13: Andrew and Freedy are arranging their meeting:
Andrew: “Can we meet at Highland coffee tonight to discuss the post-graduate plans?”
Freddy: “____________________, will you be free on weekends?”
A. Sorry, I have another appointment B. Shall I come to Starbucks
C. I can change my timetable D. I don’t like sitting in the middle of the crowd
Question 14: To talk to the career advisor, you should ________ an appointment first.
A. make B. take C. do D. have
Question 15: Binh and Minh are going to have coffee together:
Binh: “____________ at 7a.m tomorrow after our graduation?”
Minh: “That sounds good, see you!”
A. Could I meet you B. Shall I come to C. That would be good D. I will be free
Question 16: Emma and Preet are arranging their meeting:
Emma: “______________________”
Preet: “I am afraid that I won’t. How about this Sunday?”
A. When is convenient for you? B. Will you be available at 3p.m tomorrow?
C. Would Thursday suit you ? D. All right, I’ll see you then.
Question 17: After high school, many students choose to pursue __________ education, which includes universities and colleges.
A. vocational B. higher C. basic D. primary
Question 18: A(n) _____ is a program where individuals receive training for a specific job while working.
A. internship B. gap year C. apprenticeship D. vocation
Question 19: Before enrolling in a university, many institutions require students to pass an __________.
A. exit exam B. online test C. interview D. entrance exam
Question 20: In the job market, having a specific set of skills and __________ can increase your employment opportunities.
A. hobbies B. qualifications C. secrets D. ideas
Question 21: A __________ is an informational booklet that provides details about educational programs and institutions.
A. novel B. brochure C. letter D. report
Question 22: He regrets __________ so much money on unnecessary things.
A. spend B. to spend C. having spent D. spent
Question 23: __________ finished all my homework, I had some free time to relax.
A. Having B. Have C. Had D. Has
Question 24: ____________ her fears, she gave an excellent speech.
A. Having overcome B. Having been overcome
C. Not having overcome D. Not having been overcome
Question 25: Independent thinkers aren’t afraid to ____________ unique opinions in discussions.
A. carry out B. come up with C. make use of D. get around
Question 26: To maintain independence, avoid _________ into the habit of procrastination.
A. getting B. to get C. get D. got
Question 27: It was the sound of the distant thunder _____________ made the hikers decide to turn back.
A. that B. where C. who D. whose
Question 28: Knowing how to use public transportation is essential to get _____ in the city.
A. onto B. into C. around D. within
Question 27: __________ skills refer to the ability to evaluate options, then make choices that are effective and appropriate in a given situation.
A. Time-management B. Money-management C. Decision-making D. Self-motivated
Question 28: It was Henry _____ showed me how to earn my parent’s trust.
A. who B. which C. that D. A&C are correct.
Question 29: Emily makes ________ online resources to research and learn new things.
A. use of B. ends meet C. up with D. around
Question 30: Sarah __________ the habit of tidying up her room before going to bed each night.
A. gets into B. drives into C. goes into D. brings into
Question 31: Lisa carries _____ her duty of helping with household chores such as washing dishes.
A. on B. off C. to D. out
Question 32: Teenagers become ________ when they start making their own decisions.
A. independence B. dependent C. independent D. dependence
Question 33: ______________ taught me how to rinse the rice correctly.
A. It is my mother that B. It was my mother who
C. My mother who D. My mother that
Question 34. She specializes in ________ novels set in 18th-century England.
A. history B. historical C. ancient D. past
Question 35: It is not easy at all to get a good job without any ____ qualifications.
A. academic B. social C. great D. favorite
Question 36. ______ education is a popular option for school-leavers who don’t go to university.
A. Vocational B. Academic C. Secondary D. Formal
Question 37. My brother wasn’t offered the job because he didn’t have the right ______.
A. qualifications B. trades C. apprentices D. skilled people
Question 38: My father was proud of ________ many beautiful places in Viet Nam.
A. having visited B. visited C. have visited D. has visited
PART II
I. Give the correct form of the words in the brackets
1. My parents thought I didn’t have the ____________ to deal with difficult situations. (CONFIDENT)
2. Money-management app taught me how to be ____________ with money. (RESPONSIBILITY)
3. There are some necessary skills that you should learn to achieve ____________for the future.
(DEPEND)
4. It’s the ____________ for learning that makes people study hard. (MOTIVATE)
5. They take responsibility for their own learning and __________seek out resources and opportunities to improve their knowledge and skills. (ACTIVE)
6. It’s the money -__________ app that taught me how to be responsible with money. ( MANAGE )
7. As part of our school _____________ program, we need to plan a field trip to a heritage site in Viet
Nam. So, where would you like to go? (CULTURE)
8. You’ll learn about urban lifestyles and traditions from the 15th to the 19th century and will see examples of ancient ____________. (ARCHITECT)
9. Without our heritage, we would lose touch with our past, and our future ____________ would not have a sense of their roots. (GENERATE)
10. Two 10th grade students suggested forming _______________societies or local groups who have akeen interest in their history and heritage. (HISTORY)
11. Trang An is a __________landscape complex that includes limestone karst mountains, caves, rivers, and rice paddies. (SCENERY)
12. The complex has been recognized as an important site for ____________ conservation and ecotourism. (DIVERSE)
13. There are a lot of ____________opportunities for school-leavers today. (EDUCATE)
14. Many school-leavers choose to go to university to study __________ subjects. (ACADEMY)
15. It’s possible that students may need certain _____________or prerequisites to apply for this course, such as a high school diploma or previous experience in cooking. (QUALIFIED)
16. It ultimately depends on the specific __________ of the course and the institution offering it.
(REQUIRE)
17. Nowadays, school-leavers can apply for __________ in different industries. ( APPRENTICE)
18.Many young people find it hard to get a job immediately after __________. ( GRADUATE)
19. I want to become a restaurant cook, so I am looking for a _________ cooking course. (
PROFESSION)
20. It’s my parents who still think I don’t have the skill to be __________. (DEPEND) II. Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning of the given ones.
To-infinitives
1. Most of students on our group spend 20 minutes cycling from home to school.
➔ It takes________________________________________________________.
2. Her parents don’t allow her to go out at night.
➔ She__________________________________________________________.
3. The man prefer working in the lab to teaching students at class.
➔ The man would rather __________________________________________.
4. The teacher didn’t remember to lock the door before leaving the class.
➔ The teacher forgot _____________________________________________.
5. You couldn’t go swimming because of the heavy rain.
➔ The rain was too_______________________________________________.
6. They say that the company is in difficulty.
➔ The company __________________________________________________.
7. Henry is looking forward to having more money next year.
➔ Henry expects __________________________________________________.
8. To know English in this current market is necessary.
➔ It is __________________________________________________________.
9. John was the last person that got the news.
➔ John was __________________________
10.He was the best player that got the prize.
➔ He was __________________
Having + Ved/3
1. After I watched the documentary about wildlife, I made a donation to an environmental society.
➔ Having ________________________________________________________________________.
2. After I ate my evening meal, I decided to go for a walk.
➔ Having_________________________________________________________________________.
3. Because I had spent the entire day cleaning up my room, I needed to take a shower and have a rest.
➔ Having _________________________________________________________________________.
4. Because the farmers had been told about the dangers of chemical fertilisers, they turned to biofertilisers.
➔ Having ______________________________________________________________________.
5. After I finished all my homework, I watched my favourite film on TV.
➔ Having ______________________________________________________________________.
Combine the sentences, using perfect gerunds.
1.Tonya had dumped a lot of rubbish on the beach. She was strongly criticised for that.
➔ Tonya was strongly criticised for_________________________________________________.
2. He said that he would take responsibility for the project. But then he denied that.
➔ He denied__________________________________________________________________.
3. He didn’t keep his promise. He apologised for that.
➔ He apologised for____________________________________________________________.
4. I have advised you on how to cut down your energy use. I remember that.
➔ I remember ________________________________________________________________. 5. Some scientists have not reported the effects of climate change. They were accused of that.
➔ Some scientists were accused of________________________________________________.
Cleft sentences
1. Many teenagers spend a lot of time thinking and talking about being in a relationship.
➔It _______________________________________
2. Welsh boys gave hand-carved wooden spoons to girls as a symbol of their love.
➔It _______________________________________
3. Dating is left for the college years in Japan.
➔It _______________________________________
4. Once married, the South Korean man expects his wife to be a more traditional woman.
➔It _______________________________________
5. A South Korean boy often holds his girlfriend’s handbag during a date.
➔It _______________________________________
6. The drought made many people suffer in this area.
➔It _______________________________________
7. We expected a suitable meeting last week.
➔It _______________________________________
8. Renewable energy provides a better environment for all of us.
➔It_______________________________________
9. The environmentalist at the conference explained how renewable energy resources will change the environment.
➔ It_______________________________________
10. The firefighter saved many lives from the fire yesterday.
➔ It_______________________________________
PART III
CLOZE TEST 1. Read the passage below and then choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) that fits best for the gap.
Preserving heritage is a collective responsibility that requires conscious efforts and strategic approaches. Firstly, documentation plays a crucial role (1) ________ safeguarding heritage. It involves thorough research, and documentation of historical records, artifacts, and oral traditions (2) ________ with a particular heritage. This process helps create an extensive archive that serves as a reference for future generations and aids in understanding and appreciating the significance of heritage.
Secondly, active conservation measures must be implemented to protect physical heritage. This includes regular (3) ________, restoration, and preventive measures to prevent deterioration and damage. Collaboration between heritage experts, conservation professionals, and local communities is essential to ensure the proper implementation of conservation techniques while respecting the integrity and authenticity of the heritage. (4) ________, promoting public awareness and engagement through educational programs, guided tours, and cultural events can (5) ________ a sense of pride and ownership among the community, encouraging their active participation in heritage preservation.
(Adapted from National Geographic)
1. A. of B. for C. at D. in
2. A. equipped B. collaborated C. connected D. associated
3. A. maintain B. maintaining C. maintained D. maintenance
4. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Otherwise
5. A. foster B. enhance C. enlarge D. widen
CLOZE TEST 2. Read the passage below and then choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) that fits best for the gap.
One remarkable Vietnamese heritage is the ancient town of Hoi An, (1) ________ in Quang Nam Province. Hoi An stands as a living testament to the region’s rich cultural history and (2) ________ marvels. This UNESCO World Heritage site exhibits a harmonious fusion of indigenous, Chinese, Japanese, and European influences, reflecting its vibrant trading past. The town’s well-preserved streets, (3) ________ with colorful buildings, traditional wooden houses, and iconic Japanese-covered bridges, offer a glimpse into the thriving trading port (4) ________ once attracted merchants from across the globe. Hoi An’s enduring charm lies not only in its physical beauty but (5) ________ in its bustling markets, traditional craft workshops, and diverse culinary delights, making it an enchanting destination that encapsulates the cultural essence of Vietnam.
(Adapted from The Forbes)
1. A. locating B. located C. locate D. to locate
2. A. architectural B. architecture C. architect D. architecting
3. A. equipped B. dealt C. adorned D. come
4. A. where B. which C. who D. when
5. A. for B. instead C. as D. also
CLOZE TEST 3.
Read the following passage and circle A. B. C. or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Like any other universities, the Open University can give you a degree. (1) , you don’t have to stop working to study. It can also open up a whole variety of interest. If you have never studied before, you will enjoy the special, new pleasure of (2) your knowledge. You will make friends of all kinds. You may also find (3) your qualification provides new career opportunities. You don’t actually go to the Open University for lectures, but study at home using television, radio and computer software. You can (4) one class a month if you wish at an Open University centre. Of course, there are exams to take, as in (5) university. If you would like to know more, all you have to do is complete the form below. It could be the start of a wonderful new period in your life.
1. A. Therefore B. However C. So D. Moreover
2. A. growing B. changing C. adding D. increasing
3. A. which B. who C. that D. where
4. A. attend B. give C. learn D. study
5. A. most B. some C. any D. many
CLOZE TEST
4. Read the following passage and circle A. B. C. or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Building Confidence in Teens
Confidence is one’s belief in their own ability. Confident people rationally believe they are capable of doing things well and therefore aren’t afraid to do those things or even try new things. Teens (1) are confident to grow up have a good (2) Parents can help teens build their confidence throughout their adolescence t cou. Provide a sate home environment and firm but fart disciplines This is a foundation that your teens This is a foundation that your teen’s confidence can stand on. Give your teen choices. One of the things that confidence helps teens do is making a decision. You can help teens make decision by offering them choices as often as possible. (3) your teen to try new things. Be available to take them where they need to go and do so without complaining. Become your teen’s biggest fan, (4) it is in sports, or in school. Allow your teen to fail, do not fix their problems for them. If they need you to help talk the problem through, ask open ended questions so that they come to their own conclusions. Praise your teen when praise is suitable. We know that too (5) praise is not good either, but suitable praise is necessary for your teen’s self-confidence.
1. A. when B. who C. which D. where
2. A. feeling B. state C. sense D. ability
3. A. Believe B. Prefer C. Like D. Encourage
4. A. and B. however C. whether D. but
5. A. much B. many C. all D. some
READING COMPREHENSION
PASSAGE 1
Preserving our heritage is a crucial task that involves safeguarding our cultural history and identity. It means protecting both the physical objects and the intangible aspects of our past that have been passed down to us. Things like historical sites, artifacts, traditions, and languages are all part of our heritage and deserve to be taken care of.
Nations should be in an attempt to preserve their heritage because heritage allows future generations to learn from and appreciate the accomplishments and struggles of those who came before us. It helps us understand where we come from and how our societies have developed over time. When we preserve our heritage, we also feel a strong sense of belonging, as it connects us to our shared history and cultural practices. In addition, preserving heritage promotes cultural diversity and encourages communication between different cultures. It helps us appreciate the uniqueness of each culture and promotes respect and understanding among people. By celebrating and protecting our diverse heritage, we create opportunities for cultural exchange, which brings people together and helps build a more harmonious and inclusive society.
Preserving heritage is not just a responsibility; it is an investment in our collective memory, identity, and the future well-being of generations to come. So let’s cherish and protect our heritage, ensuring that it continues to enrich and inspire us for years to come.
(Adapted from Heritage Daily)
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Importance of Preserving Cultural Heritage
B. Safeguarding Our Heritage for Future Generations
C. Promoting Cultural Diversity through Heritage Preservation
D. The Significance of Heritage in Building Inclusive Societies
2. According to paragraph 1, preserving heritage means ________.
A. protec
B. carefully protecting historical sites and tourist attractions
C. protecting both tangible and intangible aspects of our inherited past D. protecting the traditional values passed down from previous generations
3. The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. future generation B. heritage C. nation D. accomplishments and struggles
4. The word “uniqueness” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. differentiation B. similarity C. resemblance D. distinctiveness
5. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. Preserving heritage helps us understand our roots and societal development.
B. Heritage preservation fosters a strong sense of belonging.
C. Protecting physical objects is more important than intangible aspects of heritage.
D. Preserving heritage promotes cultural diversity and intercultural understanding.
PASSAGE 2
Read the passage. Circle the best answer A, B, or C to each of the questions.
According to UCAS (the Universities and Colleges Admissions Services), a record 34.1% 18year-olds entered university in 2019. Government data for 2017/18 suggests just over half (50.2%) of those aged 18-30 year-old take part in higher education – a target set all the way back in the 1990s under Tony Blair.
Simply put, this means around a third of 18-year-olds will start university this year and that, at
the moment, about half the population takes part in higher education reaching the age of 30. It’s important to remember that higher education doesn’t necessarily mean following the standard university path – particularly with the advent of higher and degree apprenticeships.
University is a good choice for your children if they want the “uni experience”: Living semiindependently, making new friends with very different people, joining clubs and societies – these are all things that university can offer. Moreover, it is suitable for them if they love their subject. They want to throw themselves into their studies because they love their chosen subject, and want to know everything there is to know about it. Finally, if they want to go into a profession only accessible via university: There are certain careers that are currently only accessible via a university degree (or only widely accessible this way). This includes medicine, veterinary medicine, teaching and architecture.
Adapted from: https://successatschool.org/article/different-options-for-school-leavers/1205
Question 1: Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. University Enrollment Statistics B. Higher Education Benefits
C. Apprenticeships D. Accessible Professions
Question 2: According to the passage, what percentage of the population attends higher education reaching the age of 30?
A. approximately 20% B. approximately 30%
C. approximately 40% D. approximately 50%
Question 3: The word “advent” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. arrival B. end C. purpose D. method
Question 4: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to ________.
A. university B. profession C. subject D. student
Question 5: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Approximately one-third of 18-year-olds will begin university in the current year.
B. If students love the subject; they can choose to go to university.
C. The “uni experience” involves living independently and joining clubs.
D. Teaching is one of the careers that are only accessible through a university degree.
PASSAGE 3
Read the passage. Circle the best answer A, B, or C to each of the questions.
One of your most important goals as a parent is to raise children who become independent and self-reliant people. However, some well-intended, but misguided parents have raised contingent children rather than responsible ones.
Contingent children are dependent on others for how they feel about themselves. Those children are raised by parents who act on their own needs for power and use control to ensure that they remain the dominant forces in their children’s lives.
Independent children differ from contingent children in several ways. If your children are independent, you have provided them with the belief that they are competent and capable of taking care of themselves. You offered them the guidance to find activities that are meaningful and satisfying. You gave your children the freedom to experience life fully and learn its many important lessons.
The most important thing about raising independent children is you understand the essential responsibilities that you and they need to accept.
Your responsibilities revolve primarily around providing your children with the opportunity, means, and support to pursue their goals. The psychological means include providing love, guidance, and encouragement in their efforts. The practical means include ensuring that your children have the materials needed, proper instruction, and transportation, as well as other logistical concerns.
Your child’s responsibilities Involve doing what is necessary to maximize the opportunities that you give them. These responsibilities include giving their best effort, being responsible and disciplined, staying committed, and giving an achievement opportunity a realistic try, as well as, completing all tasks and exercises, getting the most out of instruction, being cooperative, and expressing appreciation and gratitude for others’ efforts.
(Excerpted from Parenting: Raise Indenendent Children)
Question 1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ways to raise independent children B. Contingent children
C. Independent children D. How to be good parents
Question 2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about parents of independent children? A. They offered their kids the guidance to find meaningful activities.
B. They gave their children the freedom to experience life.
C. They help their children believe that they are competent and capable of taking care of themselves.
D. They use control to ensure that they remain the dominant forces in their children’s lives. Question 3. Which psychological means should parents provide their children to make them independent?
A. love, guidance and encouragement B. appreciation and gratitude C. instruction, money and love D. instruction and transportation
Question 4. What does the word “taking care of” mean?
A. look after B. take after C. look into D. take over
Question 5. The word “They” in the paragraph 4 refers to
A. responsibilities B. children C. parents D. thing
